With the rapid development of modern industry and the increasing prominence of environmental issues, there are growing requirements for lubricants in terms of performance, operational reliability, service life, biodegradability, and low or non-toxicity. Traditional mineral-based lubricating oils can no longer meet these stringent demands.
Synthetic esters exhibit the best overall performance among all base oils. The most significant characteristic of ester oils is the presence of multiple ester bonds (-COOR) within the ester molecules. This structure imparts polarity to the molecules, providing ester oils with many superior performance and application characteristics compared to PAO (polyalphaolefins) and Group II or Group III hydrocracked base oils.
Application Industries of Synthetic Ester Base Oils
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1. Engine Oils: Primarily diesters and polyol esters; others include polyesters, monoesters, phthalate esters, and dimer acid esters.
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2. Two-Stroke Oils: Generally utilize trimellitates, complex esters, dimer acid esters, and polyol esters.
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3. Compressor Oils: Generally utilize diesters and polyol esters; additionally, PAG (polyalkylene glycol) polyether base oils can be used.
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4. Aviation Lubricants: Generally utilize diesters and polyol esters.
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5. Fire-Resistant Hydraulic Fluids: Typically utilize trimethylolpropane (TMP) oleate and pentaerythritol (PE) oleate.
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6. High-Temperature Chain Oils: Generally utilize diesters and polyol esters; additionally, PAG polyether base oils can be used.
